brainless people, saintly fakers, holy men, to whom he did not have to look up." (1930) While the revolution was brewing Trotsky relates that "The tireless and noisy Rodzianko tried to shake up the tsar with his reports, but in vain. " Finally Trotsky states that: "This dim, equable and "well-bred" man was cruel not with the active cruelty of Ivan the Terrible or of Peter, in the pursuit of historic aims What had Nicholas the Second in common with them? but with the cowardly cruelty of the late born, frightened at his own doom. At the very dawn of his reign Nicholas praised the Phanagoritsy regiment as "fine fellows" for shooting down workers. He always "read with satisfaction" how they flogged with whips the bob-haired girl-students, or cracked the heads of defenseless people during Jewish pogroms. This crowned black sheep gravitated with all his soul to the very dregs of society, the Black Hundred hooligans. He not only paid them generously from the state treasury, but loved to chat with them about their exploits, and would pardon them when they accidentally got mixed up in the murder of an opposition deputy." (1930) The reaction to the overthrow of Nicholas and the rule of the Bolsheviks is stated well by Trotsky as follows: "The masses went over in droves to the socialists, whom they identified with the Soviet. Not only the workers and soldiers of the enormous garrisons in the rear, but all the many-colored small people of the towns-mechanics, street peddlers, petty officials, cab-drivers, janitors, servants of all kinds-feeling alien to the Provisional Government and its bureau, were seeking a closer and more accessible authority. In continually increasing numbers, peasant delegates were appearing at the Tauride Palace. The masses poured into the Soviet as though into the triumphal gates of the revolution. All that remained outside the boundaries of the Soviet seemed to fall away from the revolution, seemed somehow to belong to...