In 1948, the National Party was elected with Dr. Daniel Malan as their leader in South Africa. Their policies were based on the Saur Report (1947) which ultimately worked towards full apartheid (apartness) and segregation of the different races. During 1948-1960, many apartheid laws were introduced ...

The Development of the Nation of Islam in Chicago The development of the Nation of Islam under the leadership of Elijah Muhammad had significant impacts on the creation of Black neighborhoods in a number of large cities in the United States. New York was defined by the shaping of the Harlem n...

L=letter Characters: Fonso (Pa), Celie, Nettie, Mr.__/Albert, Harpo, Sofia, Shug Avery L 1-6: After reading Celie’s first letter, I already found some background information of her family. The father, Fonso, sexually abuses his own family members. Celie, the daughter of Fonso who is bein...